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silyl hydride
Silicon hydrides are chemical compounds which contain a silicon–hydrogen bond. The silicon-to-hydrogen bond is longer than the C–H bond (148 compared to 105 pm) and weaker (299 compared to 338 kJ/mol). Hydrogen is more electronegative than silicon (hence the naming convention of silyl hydrides), which results in the polarization of the Si-H bond to be the reverse of that for the C-H bond. Generally silyl hydrides are colourless with physical properties (solubility, volatility) comparable to hydrocarbons. They can be pyrophoric, reflecting the great driving force for replacing Si-H bonds with Si-O bonds.
The parent compound SiH4 is called silane. This colourless, flammable gas is widely used as a precursor to silicon films of interest in microelectronics. In the laboratory, most silicon hydrides contain organic substituents. One example is phenylsilane (PhSiH3).
==Reactions and applications==
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